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Washington Birds Breeding Phenology Project

Phenology References

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Ewald, P. W., and S. Rohwer. 1982. Effects of supplemental feeding on timing of breeding, clutch-size and polygyny in Red-winged Blackbirds. Journal of Animal Ecology 51:429–450.

Friedmann, H. 1963. Host relations of the parasitic cowbirds. U.S. National Museum Bulletin Number 233.

Friedmann, H., L.F. Kiff, and S.I. Rothstein. 1977. A further contribution to knowledge of host relations of the parasitic cowbirds. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, Number 235.

Johnston, D. W. 1961. The Bioststematics of American Crows. University of Washington Press, Seattle.

Kiff, L.F. 1981. Eggs of the Marbeled Murrelet. Wilson Bulletin 93:403–405.

Manuwal, D.A., P.W. Mattocks, Jr., and K.O. Richter. 1979. First Arctic Tern colony in the contiguous United States. American Birds 33:144–145.

Pearson, S. F., and S. Rohwer. 1998. Influence of breeding phenology and clutch size on hybridization between Hermit and Townsend's Warblers. Auk 115:739–745.

Reed, P., and C. Wood. 1991. Marbled Murrelet chick and eggshell fragments from inland western Washington. Northwestern Naturalist 72:77–78.

Rohwer, F. C., and S. Freeman. 1989. The distribution of conspecific nest parasitism in birds. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67:239–253.

Rohwer, S. and C.D. Spaw. 1988. Evolutionary lag versus bill-size constraints: a comparative study of the acceptance of cowbird eggs by old hosts. Evolutionary Ecology 2:27–36.

Rohwer, S., and C. Wood. 1998. Three hybrid zones between Hermit and Townsend's Warblers in Washington and Oregon. Auk 115:284–310.

Smith, M. R., P. W. Mattocks, Jr., and K. M. Cassidy. 1997. Breeding Birds of Washington State. Volumn 4 in Washington State Gap Analysis - Final Report (K. M. Cassidy, C. E. Grue, M. R. Smith, and K. M. Dvornich, eds.). Seattle Audubon Society Publications in Zoology No. 1, Seattle, 538 pp.